SLIDE 6 Essays - Economy, Income Distribution, Labour Law

SLIDE 6 Should we keep the minimum wage law? Some argue that we should abolish it and let the free market decide what to pay their employees. Already we see Small business and corporate franchises paying well over t he minimum wage and that is an example of the free market. The purpose of theminimum wagewas to stabilize the post-depression economy andprotecttheworkersin the labor force. Theminimum wagewas designed to create aminimumstandard of living toprotectthe health and well-being of employees. raising the minimum wage to an excessively high rate would exert inflationary pressure on the economy, but increasing it to keep pace with inflation would only have a minimal effect. By setting a government-specified floor for workers' wages, minimum wage laws tend to disrupt labor supply and demand. SLIDE 5 When government increases minimum wage is causes a shift in demand causing it to decrease. This shift happens simply because businesses cannot pay all the unskilled workers higher wages and stay profitable. When this happens, it interrupts the equilibrium and causes unemployment.

Why lb Is the Symbol for Pounds

Why lb Is the Symbol for Pounds Have you ever wondered why we use the symbol lb  for the pounds  unit? The word  pound is short for pound weight, which was libra pondo in Latin. The libra part of the phrase meant both weight or balance scales. The Latin usage was shortened to libra, which naturally was abbreviated lb. We adopted the pound part from pondo, yet kept the abbreviation for libra. There are different definitions for the mass of a pound, depending on the country. In the United States, the modern pound unit is defined to be 2.20462234 pounds per metric kilogram. There are 16 ounces in 1 pound. However, in Roman times, the libra (pound) was about 0.3289 kilograms and was divided into 12 uncia or ounces. In Britain, there has been more than one type of pound, including the avoirdupois point and Troy pound. A pound sterling was a tower pound of silver, but the standard was changed to the Troy pound in 1528. The tower pound, merchants pound, and London pound are obsolete units. The Imperial Standard Pound is defined as having a mass equal to 0.45359237 kilograms, which matches the definition of the international pound, as agreed upon (although not adopted by the U.S.) in 1959. Sources Fletcher, Leroy S.; Shoup, Terry E. (1978). Introduction to Engineering. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0135018583.United States National Bureau of Standards (1959-06-25). Notices Refinement of values for the yard and the pound.Zupko, Ronald Edward (1985). Dictionary of Weights and Measures for the British Isles: The Middle Ages to the 20th Century. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 0-87169-168-X.

Nonverbal Communication Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nonverbal Communication - Research Proposal Example Participants were randomly assigned to either group one or two without knowing the hypothesis to be tested. Participants were asked to solve six questions, where only the time to solve the sixth question was recorded to the nearest second. It was found that participants took more time to answer the sixth question in the absence of nonverbal communication than in the presence of nonverbal communication. It was concluded that absence of nonverbal communication have caused participants to lose their concentration and guidance to complete the task at hand. Nonverbal communication is an effective way to communicate between people. This paper describes an experiment to access the extent to which nonverbal communication affects the level of concentration. Communication is the transfer of information from one person to another. People fail to realize that most of our communication is of a non-verbal form as opposed to the oral and written forms. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, eye contact, tone of voice, body posture and motions, and positioning within groups. It may also include the way we wear our clothes or the silence we keep (Allis 2007). While words communicate ideas, nonverbal behavior conveys emotions and attitudes. Nonverbal communication is communication that does not use words. ... Voice is still considered one of the most important nonverbal communications. Voice communicates in ways different than the words a speaker utters. Social scientists use the term paralanguage to describe a wide range of vocal characteristics, which express different attitudes. The paralinguistic content of a message reflects a speaker's feelings. The face and eyes are another important means of nonverbal communication. The eyes communicate a great deal. A skilled nonverbal communicator knows when and where to look to produce the desired results. Visual contact is an invitation to speak which regulates the interaction, exercise control and express intimacy (Posner 1966). Not looking at people indicates the desire not to be interrupted. Eye contact, smiling and nodding indicates interest and social approval of a situation. In most two-person conversations, people seem to look at their partners somewhere between 50 and 60 percent of the time, often alternating short gazes with glances away. An experiment by (Garau 2001) investigated the importance of eye gaze in people engaged in conversation concluded that related gaze behaviour is related provides a marked improvement to the conversation. This report includes the design and results of an experiment to test effect of the existence of nonverbal communication in interpersonal communication. Time taken by participants is recorded in a control condition where nonverbal communication are allowed by the experimenter and compared with time taken by participants in an experimental condition where nonverbal communication is obscured. The hypothesis to be tested was "It would take participants of condition one (absence of non-verbal

How does Chinas geography reflect both tremendous diversity and a Research Paper

How does Chinas geography reflect both tremendous diversity and a remarkable continuity across history and regions And how has thinking like a geographer helped you better understand this paradox - Research Paper Example During the initial years of this system, it mainly served as a tool that was used by the communist government to monitor it’s the people and not as a control mechanism of any movements and population migrations. It should be noted that during the early years of the 1950’s, the country experienced a period of relatively free movement and people were basically allowed to move into and out of the cities without any restraints or inhibitions. The 1954 Chinese promulgated constitution was seen to even guarantee the citizenry of a basic right to migration and free residential choice (Chan 199). The unchecked migration of the population into cities escalated and became a serious burden on the central government leading to the implementation of new hukou legislation in 1958 by China’s National People’s Congress. Using the system, the Chinese government was successfully able to regulate its citizen’s mobility generally up to the end of the 1970’s. The governments considered the restriction of the labor mobility of its citizenry to be important if it was to be able to effectively implement the strategies it had laid in place that were prioritizing a general industrial growth in the country mainly by ensuring that it maintains the number of citizens whose economic activities are not agriculturally based to optimal low levels (Chan 199). The family registration system can be traced back to the early Xia Dynasty (c. 2100 BCE – 1600 BCE). In later centuries, the initial family registers were quickly refined to eventually become into a basic structural organization that was used in controlling entire clans and families for the purposes of conscription, taxation and social control (Chan 199). The hukou system mainly classifies the country’s citizenry using two basic criteria, the first being by one’s socioeconomic eligibility (agricultural o non-agricultural) and the second

W2D 590 Senator Hillary Clinton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

W2D 590 Senator Hillary Clinton - Essay Example edia analyses to first-hand accounts of the perceptive attitudes of the general electorate, Clinton’s presidential bid brought to the fore the indelible colored nature of the expectations that majority of Americans have about their diversity. That even though she, Hillary Clinton, possessed some of the stereotypically masculine character traits associated with leadership positions such as being assertive, competitive, and even aggressive in a measurable way to those of the opposite gender, the ballot verdict was expressive: she was still not good enough to Take Charge, beyond the conventional nurturing and collaborative role (Drexler, 2014). One of the first female personalities to strongly seek for the oval office, Clinton was not only going to be discussed and dissected for her results, but also on the basis of the conventional gender roles. Indeed as expected, she is often described as empathetic and a good listener (Wolvin, 2005); qualities that befits her as a mother besides other traits include her hardworking nature. Chris Matthews, a host on MSNBC, however, went as far as pegging her national status not because of her very inner personality but on the husband; a clear indication of how far tradition still creeps in to influence American leadership (Sheckels,

Reflection On Interpersonal Skills In Clinical Practice

Reflection On Interpersonal Skills In Clinical Practice This is a reflective essay based on my experiences whilst on my five week surgical placement in a local hospital. The aim of this essay is to explore the use of communication and interpersonal skills in clinical practice. I have chosen this particular incident as I spent a considerable amount of time communicating verbally and non verbally with this particular patient. To protect the identity and maintain confidentiality of the patient I have chosen to discuss they shall be known as John, this is accordance with the NMC code of professional conduct (2008). To assist me in the process of reflection I will be using Gibbs (1988) reflective model. The structure of this framework allows the reflection to be written in a clear way, which provides opportunities to look at the incident from a number of perspectives; this will help to highlight areas of practice which could be changed in the future (Jasper, 2003). There are numerous reasons why reflection is important to nurses. Through refle ction we can get to know more about what we do and what limits our abilities and this gives the opportunity to improve the way we care (Ghaye and Lillyman, 2001). Description John was a 74 year old man admitted onto the ward from the emergency department 2 days previous to me starting my first late shift of that week. He had been suffering from retention of urine, and was in considerable pain. My mentor and I were informed during handover that we would be looking after John on this particular shift and could we change the dressing on his right leg as he had an ulcerated leg due to suffering from a condition known as Peripheral Vascular Disease (Alexander el al, 2004). As a consequence of this disease he also had his left leg amputated below the knee some years ago and mobilised using a wheelchair. It became clear during the handover that John had been very difficult the last couple of days. The nurse in charge went on to say that he had thrown items across his room and was constantly pressing his nurse call button and shouting all day, he had also refused to have a wash and change his pyjamas. As we left the room where the handover had taken place, my men tor said she thought that we should change Johns dressing now but first we should get him washed and changed and could I assist her. We gathered all the equipment we needed from the treatment room and made our way to Johns room. I knocked on his door and introduced myself as a student nurse, I then asked John for his consent for me to assist him in having a wash and change of clothing (NMC, 2008). John was sat on his bed, he appeared to be quite tense, he looked up at me and shouted no, I want to see a doctor and I havent had a cigarette for 2 days. I explained that I was here to assist in changing the dressing on his leg and to help him to have a wash and change. I moved closer towards his bed and lowered myself to his eye level. I then began to engage in conversation with him by maintaining a soft tone of voice and asking him if he would like a cup of tea after we had finished. His body language softened and he looked up and smiled, he said I would love one. I smiled back at John, I then repeated the question of assisting him with having a wash and change, whilst maintaining a relaxed posture and eye contact with him. John gave me his consent and I proceeded to assist him in maintaining his personal hygiene with respect and dignity (NMC, 2008). With Johns co operation my mentor and I were then able to go on and change his dressing on his leg. Feelings Through this learning experience I encountered different feelings towards the situation. From the initial handover, the staff nurse in charge did not paint a positive picture of John. I wondered why this particular patient was so aggressive and demanding and the staff described him as being difficult. I felt anxious, as this was my first placement as a first year student and I did not feel experienced enough to deal with the situation. During my encounter with John it became clear why he would feel so angry and frustrated. I noticed he didnt have a wheelchair in his room, and it became apparent that he was a smoker. He also hadnt been given any nicotine replacement therapy to help him cope with his withdrawal symptoms. When the full extent of Johns situation became clear to me, I felt immense frustration for him. According to the NMC Code of Professional Conduct (2008), nurses should treat patients with respect and maintain their dignity. With John not having a wheelchair, he was con fined to his bed and therefore had lost his autonomy. The situation also made me very angry, reflecting back I feel I should have been more assertive and maybe questioned why Johns requests had been ignored by the staff. Evaluation It was a shame that the professional staff acted the way that they did, ignoring how angry and frustrated John had become and not acting upon it. The nurses compassion and communication skills seemed to be very much lacking, not listening to his requests and showing no feeling towards him. This breakdown in communication in the nurse patient relationship with john, left him feeling frustrated and not in control of his own wellbeing (Garnham, 2001). At first, I could not see any good points in this situation; however looking back I can see that it did have its positive side, in as much as allowing me to examine myself and to search for my short fallings in relation to the incident. The incident has also given me the opportunity to link theory to practice. The way I communicated with John had a positive outcome for both of us in that his personal hygiene needs were met, and I learnt that effective communication is essential in building a trusting bond between the patient and the nurse (Almond Yardley, 2009). The bad points of this experience were that I judged John based on the information I received during handover without meeting him first. This could have created a barrier between myself and the patient. Accepting a patient as a unique individual and without judgment is very important in the communication process. I have learnt from this experience that as nurses we should respect a patients beliefs and values, and we should not let our own beliefs and values affect our decision making in patient care (Rogers, 1957). I also feel I should have been more assertive when it came to the way John was being treated by the staff. As a first year student I did not feel comfortable questioning the way a professional staff nurse carried out her nursing care. However, from this experience I will question bad practice in future, as the NMC (2008) states that I am personally accountable for my actions and omissions in my practice and I must always be able to justify my decisions. Analysis According to Briggs (2006) as cited in compendium of clinical skills Communication is the process of conveying information between two or people. Communication is essential in building relationships with patients and gaining trust. In the NHS the majority of the complaints brought against them were for poor communication from healthcare staff (Pincock 2004). To highlight how important communication is in the nursing profession, the NMC identified it as being an essential skill and only if a student is competent in this skill can they then go on and register as a nurse (NMC 2007b). In order to communicate with John the situation required the use of interpersonal skills, known as non verbal and verbal communication. Non verbal communication is described by lister and dogherty p62 as being information transmitted without speaking. Johns body language indicated that he was tense and anxious therefore approaching him with empathy ensured that he is being understood and that his participation in communication was valued (Peate 2006)nurs 21st. Given the history of Johns aggressive outbursts it was necessary to consider the proxemics in the situation. It is recommended that keeping within a distance of 4 to 12 feet away from a person is less intimidating for them (Egan 2002). In order to engage in conversation with John, Egans (2002) acronym SOLER was used. This is a process of using body language to actively listen to a person. By sitting squarely towards John, having an open posture, leaning in towards him, maintaining eye contact and maintaining a relaxed posture, encouraged him to relax and feel less intimidated and therefore talk more openly (Lister and Dougherty). Verbal communication with John was enhanced by the use of facial expression and paraverbal communication. (Fund Nursing p195) states that Facial expressions give clues that support, contradict or disguise the verbal message, therefore the use of a smile when approaching John indicated warmth and friendliness. This was assisted further by the use of para communication; these are the cues that accompany verbal language. These include tone, pitch, speed and volume of the person speaking, therefore by communicating with John with a soft tone of voice added further meaning to the spoken words (fund nurs). The barriers in communication during this incident were Johns aggressiveness. This could have been due to the withdrawal from cigarettes, as according to Bruce (2008) irritability is a symptom of nicotine withdrawal. If a patient is unable to smoke in hospital then nicotine replacement therapy should be introduced and the patient treated like any other dependant. Bruce (2008) suggests that Withdrawal from nicotine needs to be recognised and treated appropriately in the acute hospital and it will often be the ward nurses who are relied on to recognise the symptoms. These symptoms were overlooked by the staff and to add to his frustration he had no means of mobility to be able to leave the ward for a cigarette. This may account for his outbursts of anger. Peplau (2004) suggests that when there is an obstacle or obstruction preventing a person from achieving their goals this may lead to frustration which in turn often leads to anger. Action Plan Using Gibbss reflective cycle has assisted me in making sense of the situation and to put things into perspective, recognising how I can put this learning experience to positive use in my future practice as a Nursing professional. If this situation were to arise again I know I would now have the courage to question the nurses attitude at an earlier stage pointing out that bad practice by anyone is not acceptable. From this experience I have learnt that I need to be more assertive and if I feel the needs of a patient are not being met, my first consideration should be to protect the interests and safety of patients, in line with the NMC (2002) Code of Professional Conduct, (clause 8). This reflection has highlighted the need to increase my knowledge and understanding of the process of communicating with patients from different cultural backgrounds, I will address these issues by, listening and learning from the qualified staff and by reading relevant literature. Conclusion In conclusion it can be seen that the nurse has a very important role in communicating with patients through their treatment. When a patient is admitted to hospital, assessments should be made based on the activities of daily living, Roper, Logan Tierney (2000). Johns assessment not only should have identified the level of care needed, it should also have established his normal routine, and the fact that he was a smoker and required a wheelchair for mobility. If Johns needs had been assessed correctly the breakdown in the relationship between John and the professional staff could have been prevented. Overall, through this reflection I have learnt that communication is an essential skill that requires as much practice and consideration as any other aspect of nursing.

The Injustice Of Slavery :: Slavery Essays

The Injustice of Slavery Slaves were people who were taken from their home land in Africa and brought to America, to serve as servants on farms, doing household chores, etc. Slaves were used from the beginning of time, by people like the Egyptians. Now a days it is illegal to own slaves, but it still happens. And to this day African Americans are discriminated. In my opinion, that is just not fair, they did not ask to come over to our country, we brought them here. We are the ones to blame. Yet, they have to pay. If you were a black man and had a trial with a white jury, you will probably be guilty. If you are a black man, many white people will try to steer clear of you, or look at you in a funny way. How did slaves actually become free, you might be asking yourself. It all began with a man named Abraham Lincoln, he wanted to set slaves free. But the southern states had large plantations and needed slaves to help, so this was not a good idea, in their opinion. This controversy led to the Civil War, which was eventually won by the north, and slaves were set free in America. But people discriminated slaves very much, and that was not good. Discrimination of African Americans is not that big now a days, but it is still out there. Discrimination sort of died out when a man named Martin Luther King, Jr. expressed some of his thoughts about discrimination. His famous speech was entitled "I Have a Dream". Back before his speech, African Americans were not treated as people. They had to stand at the back of the bus, they had to live in a certain area of town, they could not use the white restrooms or